Biofertilizer application in agriculture revolution

Employing Biofertilizer as an immense need!  

If we seek the meaning in the word, "biofertilizer", itself , we can find it well. As we know that, bio-fertilizer is composed of  two words;" bio" which means living  and  "fertilizer" which refers

to any organic or inorganic materials of natural or artificial origin added to the soil to supply essential nutrients to provide proper growth to the plants .Thus, biofertilizers are the substances that contain living microorganisms within it which promote growth of the plants by providing primary nutrients to the plants. Biofertilizers are the natural fertilizers. Some common examples of biofertilizers are: Rhizobium ,Azotobacter, Azospirillum, etc. These biofertilizer are applied to seeds, plant surfaces or soil and they colonize to the rhizosphere or interior of the plant and helps in providing proper growth. These add nutrients to the host plant by different processes of nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization  and synthesizing  growth promoting substances in the plant.

Biofertilizers are eco-friendly substances for agriculture inputs. These are better use in comparison to the chemical fertilizer and pesticides; which reduces air, water and land pollution to the environment along with maintaining the minerals in the soil and also helps in controlling plant diseases. The main sources of biofertilizers include bacteria, cynobacteria and fungi.There are many components of biofertilizer and they are: bio-compost ,tricho-card, vermicompost ,azotobacter,etc. There is a broad classification of biofertilizer and they are discussed here:Nitrogen fixing biofertilizers are the ones which includes free living biofertilizers like Azotobacter, Nostoc ,Clostridium,etc.  and symbiotic (Rhizobium ,Anabaena  azollae) and associative symbiotic biofertilizer like Azospirillum. Phosphorus Solubilizing  biofertilizer are the next ones that  includes bacteria (Bacillus subtilis,Pseudomonas striata)  and fungi (Penicillium spp, Aspergillus awamori).Phosphorus Mobilizing biofertilizer includes different types of  mycorrhiza like arbuscular mycorrhiza, ectomycorrhiza,orchid mycorrhiza ,etc. Biofertilizers for micronutrients includes silicate and zinc solubilizers .Example : Bacillus sp. And finally, Plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria includes the pseudomonas groups .For example: Pseudomonas fluroscence.

A fertile soil is the first priority to each farmers when they are on the way to growing crops.Soil

organic matter is build by microorganisms, since these organisms continues the nutrient cycle and  thus adds fertility to the soil. They stimulate the nitrogen fixation; solubilization of phosphorus which is its important property. Biofertilizers maintains the soil health. It controls various kinds of soil borne diseases .If someone is approaching to continue organic farming , biofertilizers are the best options available . The use of biofertilizers reduces the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides , which may destroy the soil texture; structure due to it's over use .Biofertilizers are pollution free .They are also cheap and easy to use . Some biofertilizers(example : Rhizobium , Azotobacter spp, BGA etc) stimulate production of growth promoting substances like vitamin B complex , Indole acetic acid ,gibberellic acids, etc .  

When in application of biofertilizers ,we can see that there is increase in mineral and water uptake ,proper root development and vegetative growth. Morever ,they reduce the effect of harmful organisms in the soil such as fungi and nematodes. Here, we get the huge importance of biofertilizers and such potential of these are leading a great future towards agriculture revolution.

There are some precautions to be done while handling biofertilizers. The packet of biofertilizer should be stored in cool and dry place and away from the direct sunlight and heat. Any other chemicals should not be mixed with biofertilizer. Right combinations of biofertilizer should be used and  the crop specific biofertilizer should be used for the only specified crop. While buying the biofertilizer, one must focus on the necessary information given in the packet like name of the biofertilizer ,for which crop it is specified ,date of manufacture and date of expiry and follow the instructions properly. For more information to be gained for careful use, we can read the backside of the cover properly. The recommended method of application should also be followed accordingly.